Swords, Shields,
and Bards: Beowulf and the Warrior’s Code
 
I. England in the Dark and Middle Ages
 - Dark, Middle, or Medieval?
- The End of the Roman Empire
- Germanic Tribes and the Origins of the English Language
- Vikings and Invaders
- The Last of the Saxons
 
II. The Language and the Text
 - The Text and the Manuscript: c. 800AD
- Alliterative Verse: Stressed Meter
- The Return of the Bard: The Scop
- Caedmon (658-680?) and Christianity 
- “The Wife’s Lament”
 
III. Hrothgar’s Hall and Beowulf’s Arrival in Heorot
 - The History of Heorot
- Grendel’s Reign of Terror
- Beowulf’s Arrival
- Hrothgar’s Hall
- Kinship and Ring-giving
- Bragging Rights
 
IV. The Battle with Grendel
 - Hand-To-Hand Combat
- The Monster’s Hide
- Sigemund’s Story
- The Fight in Finn’s Hall
 
V.     The Battle
with Grendel’s Mother
 - Aeschere’s Death  
- The Heroic Code
- The Monster’s Lair
- The Melting Sword
- The Monster’s Head
 
VI. The Battle with the Dragon
 - Fifty Years of Rule
- “Somebody Now Forgotten”
- Beowulf’s Hall Burned
- Stories of Feuds with the Swedes
- A Final Boast, and a Final Battle
 
VI. The Funeral
 - Wiglaf’s Speech
- More Blood Feuds
- The End of an Era